Originally Posted by bircheater
I'm a physicist. Reading this thread is hilarious. I starting thinking Beaver was an idiot, but actually he's mostly right. The confusion is because the statement of the problem is incorrect. If the plane stayed stationary relative to the ground, indeed it would not take off. But it won't stay stationary relative to the ground (assuming the wheels spin without friction). The plane will move relative to the treadmill, no matter how fast the treadmill moves. So it will merely fall off the front of the treadmill. Or, if the treadmill is very long, it will speed up relative to both the ground and the air, and then take off.
Think of it with respect to the wheelchair. You're sitting in a wheelchair on a treadmill. The wheelchair wheels turn w/o friction. I stand behind you and hold you in place. The treadmill starts to move. I just hold you there, and the wheels spin. The treadmill moves faster. I don't have to hold you with any more force, the wheels just spin faster. Work is done by the treadmill on the wheels, but there is no force whatsoever on the wheelchair from the treadmill. Its only function is to spin the wheels faster. Now say I walk alongside the treadmill and push you along. The speed you move forward is completely independent of the speed with which the treadmill turns.
This is basically the same thing that's happening to the plane, because as Beaver points out the engines are pushing you relative to the air, not the ground.
Edit: reread the original statement of the problem, and it's actually not incorrect, just intentionally confusing.